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| Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)× | Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fachgebiet | Klinische Psychologie | Klinische Psychologie |
| Familie | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Entstehungsjahr≠ | 1977 | 1995 |
| Urheber≠ | Lenore Sawyer Radloff | Stephen H. Lovibond and Peter F. Lovibond |
| Typ≠ | Community-based depression assessment | Three-dimensional mental health screening |
| Wegweisende Quelle≠ | Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. DOI ↗ | Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia. link ↗ |
| Aliasnamen≠ | CES-D, CESD | DASS-21, DASS, DASS-42 |
| Verwandt | 5 | 5 |
| Zusammenfassung≠ | The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide. | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring three correlated but distinct dimensions of psychological distress: depression, anxiety, and stress. Developed by Lovibond and Lovibond in 1995, the DASS-21 is a short form of the original 42-item DASS. It has become widely used in research and clinical settings for its brevity, multidimensional structure, and strong psychometric properties. |
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