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| Zelluläre Automaten× | System Dynamics× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fachgebiet | Simulation | Simulation |
| Familie | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Entstehungsjahr≠ | 1940s–1950s (formalized); 1970 (Conway's Game of Life); 2002 (Wolfram's systematic classification) | 1961 |
| Urheber≠ | John von Neumann and Stanislaw Ulam (1940s–1950s); popularized by John Conway (1970) and Stephen Wolfram (1980s–2002) | Jay W. Forrester |
| Typ≠ | Grid-based computational simulation model | Continuous simulation / feedback modelling |
| Wegweisende Quelle≠ | Wolfram, S. (2002). A New Kind of Science. Wolfram Media. ISBN: 978-1579550080 | Sterman, J.D. (2000). Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World. Irwin McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0072389159 |
| Aliasnamen | CA, Hücresel Otomat (Cellular Automata), lattice model, grid-based simulation | stock-flow modelling, Sistem Dinamiği (Stock-Flow Modelleme), SD modelling, feedback simulation |
| Verwandt≠ | 5 | 3 |
| Zusammenfassung≠ | Cellular automata (CA) is a grid-based computational simulation model, first formalized by John von Neumann and Stanislaw Ulam in the 1940s–1950s and brought to wide attention by John Conway's Game of Life (1970) and Stephen Wolfram's systematic classification (2002), in which a lattice of cells — each holding a finite discrete state — evolves in discrete time steps according to local neighborhood interaction rules, causing complex global patterns to emerge from simple local specifications. | System dynamics is a continuous simulation method, developed by Jay W. Forrester at MIT in 1961, that represents a complex system through stocks (accumulations), flows (rates of change), and feedback loops. By expressing these relationships as coupled ordinary differential equations, it reproduces how policies, delays, and nonlinear feedbacks drive system behaviour over time — making it a cornerstone tool in policy analysis, organisational modelling, and sustainability research. |
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