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| Athletische Identitätsmessskala (AIMS)× | Sport Motivationsskala (SMS)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fachgebiet | Sportpsychologie | Sportpsychologie |
| Familie | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Entstehungsjahr≠ | 1993 | 1995 |
| Urheber≠ | Britton Brewer, Jean Van Raalte, Diane Linder | Luc Pelletier, Marc Fortier, Robert Vallerand |
| Typ≠ | Self-report athletic identity questionnaire | Self-report sport motivation questionnaire |
| Wegweisende Quelle≠ | Brewer, B. W., Van Raalte, J. L., & Linder, D. E. (1993). Athletic identity: Hercules' muscles or Achilles' heel? International Journal of Sport Psychology, 24(2), 237–254. link ↗ | Pelletier, L. G., Fortier, M. S., Vallerand, R. J., Tuson, K. M., Brière, N. M., & Blais, M. R. (1995). Toward a new measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 17(1), 35–53. DOI ↗ |
| Aliasnamen | AIMS, Athletic Identity | SMS, SMS-6 |
| Verwandt | 4 | 4 |
| Zusammenfassung≠ | The AIMS is a 10-item questionnaire assessing the degree to which being an athlete is central to an individual's self-concept and identity. Developed by Brewer, Van Raalte, and Linder in 1993, the AIMS has become the standard instrument for measuring athletic identity and is widely used to predict athlete coping responses to injury, career transitions, and retirement. | The SMS is a 24–28 item questionnaire measuring the motivational reasons athletes engage in sport, organized along the continuum of Self-Determination Theory: from intrinsic motivation (inherent enjoyment, mastery, excitement) through extrinsic forms (identified goals, introjected norms, external rewards) to amotivation (lack of intent). Developed by Pelletier and colleagues in 1995, the SMS has become the leading instrument for assessing sport motivation quality and predicting athlete engagement, retention, and psychological wellbeing. |
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