Methoden vergleichen

	Adaptive Randomized Clinical Trial	Randomisierte klinische Studie (RCT)
Fachgebiet	Epidemiologie	Epidemiologie
Familie	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Entstehungsjahr	Late 1990s–2000s (widespread adoption post-2010)	1948 (first rigorously conducted RCT — MRC streptomycin trial)
Urheber	Donald Berry and colleagues; formalized by FDA guidance in 2010 and 2019	Austin Bradford Hill; MRC Streptomycin Trial team
Typ	Experimental clinical trial design	Interventional experimental study
Wegweisende Quelle	Berry, D. A. (2006). Bayesian clinical trials. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 5(1), 27–36.	Friedman, L. M., Furberg, C. D., DeMets, D. L., Reboussin, D. M., & Granger, C. B. (2015). Fundamentals of Clinical Trials (5th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-3319185385
Aliasnamen	adaptive RCT, adaptive trial design, response-adaptive randomization trial, adaptive clinical trial	RCT, randomized controlled trial, randomised controlled trial, clinical randomized trial
Verwandt	6	6
Zusammenfassung	An adaptive randomized clinical trial (adaptive RCT) is a prospective experimental study that uses pre-specified rules to modify one or more trial aspects — such as sample size, allocation ratios, or treatment arms — based on accumulating data collected during the trial itself, while maintaining statistical validity and integrity of the study.	A randomized clinical trial (RCT) is an experimental study design in which participants are randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group, then followed prospectively to compare outcomes. Random allocation is the defining feature: it distributes known and unknown confounders across groups by chance, making the RCT the strongest individual study design for establishing causal efficacy of a treatment or intervention under controlled conditions.