Heterogeneous treatment effect Placebo test
A placebo test for heterogeneous treatment effects is a falsification strategy used to validate whether estimated variation in treatment effects across subgroups or covariate values is genuine rather than an artifact of model specification, overfitting, or coincidental patterns. By applying the same estimation procedure to pseudo-treatments, fake outcomes, or subgroups that logically should not differ, researchers check that observed heterogeneity reflects real causal variation.
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- Imbens, G. W., & Rubin, D. B. (2015). Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. · ISBN 978-0521885881
- Athey, S., & Imbens, G. (2016). Recursive partitioning for heterogeneous causal effects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(27), 7353-7360. · DOI 10.1073/pnas.1510489113
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