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| Panelundersøgelse× | Longitudinal Research× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fagområde | Forskningsdesign | Forskningsdesign |
| Familie | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Oprindelsesår≠ | 1970s-1980s (econometric formalization); earlier social survey use from 1940s | Late 19th–early 20th century; methodologically codified through the 20th century |
| Ophavsperson≠ | Social science and econometric traditions; systematized by Cheng Hsiao and others from the 1970s-1980s | No single originator; foundational methodological treatments by Stuart Menard and Judith Singer & John Willett |
| Type≠ | Quantitative longitudinal observational design | Quantitative (or mixed) observational research design |
| Oprindelig kilde≠ | Hsiao, C. (2003). Analysis of Panel Data (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521522717 | Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922841 |
| Aliasser | panel study, panel survey, longitudinal panel, repeated-measures panel | longitudinal study, longitudinal design, prospective longitudinal study, repeated-measures observational study |
| Relaterede≠ | 3 | 4 |
| Resumé≠ | Panel research is a quantitative longitudinal design in which the same individuals, organizations, or other units are measured repeatedly across two or more time points. Unlike cross-sectional surveys that capture a single snapshot, a panel tracks change within units, enabling researchers to separate genuine within-unit change from between-unit differences and to model causal dynamics over time. | Longitudinal research is an observational design in which the same participants, groups, or units are measured repeatedly over an extended period. Rather than capturing a single snapshot, it tracks change, stability, and temporal sequencing of variables — making it the primary non-experimental strategy for studying development, growth, decline, and the unfolding of causal processes across time. |
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