Sammenlign metoder

	Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10 (K10)	Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)	Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21)	General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12)
Fagområde	Klinisk psykologi	Klinisk psykologi	Klinisk psykologi	Klinisk psykologi
Familie	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Oprindelsesår	2002	1977	1995	1992
Ophavsperson	Ronald C. Kessler and colleagues	Lenore Sawyer Radloff	Stephen H. Lovibond and Peter F. Lovibond	David P. Goldberg
Type	Non-specific psychological distress screening	Community-based depression assessment	Three-dimensional mental health screening	Psychiatric symptom screening
Oprindelig kilde	Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Colpe, L. Y., Hiripi, E., Mroczek, D. K., Normand, S. L., ... & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine, 32(6), 959-976.	Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401.	Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia.	Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire. Oxford University Press.
Aliasser	K10, K6, Kessler Scale	CES-D, CESD	DASS-21, DASS, DASS-42	GHQ-12, GHQ
Relaterede	5	5	5	5
Resumé	The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10 (K10) is a 10-item self-report measure of non-specific psychological distress and mental health problems. Developed by Kessler and colleagues in 2002, the K10 was designed as an ultra-brief screening instrument for population surveys and epidemiological research. A shorter 6-item version (K6) is also widely used for rapid case identification.	The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide.	The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring three correlated but distinct dimensions of psychological distress: depression, anxiety, and stress. Developed by Lovibond and Lovibond in 1995, the DASS-21 is a short form of the original 42-item DASS. It has become widely used in research and clinical settings for its brevity, multidimensional structure, and strong psychometric properties.	The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) is a brief, 12-item self-report screening instrument for psychological distress and mental health problems in the general population. Developed by David P. Goldberg, the GHQ-12 is the most widely used short form of the longer General Health Questionnaire series. It is designed for rapid detection of minor psychiatric morbidity and assessment of psychological well-being in clinical, occupational health, and community settings.