Sammenlign metoder

	Internal Migration Intensity Index	Migration Transition Analysis
Fagområde	Migration Studies	Migration Studies
Familie	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Oprindelsesår	2002	1971
Ophavsperson	Martin Bell and colleagues (IMAGE programme)	Wilbur Zelinsky
Type	Descriptive index of overall internal-migration propensity	Developmental staging framework linking modernization to mobility regimes
Oprindelig kilde	Bell, M., Blake, M., Boyle, P., Duke-Williams, O., Rees, P., Stillwell, J., & Hugo, G. (2002). Cross-national comparison of internal migration: issues and measures. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A, 165(3), 435-464.	Zelinsky, W. (1971). The Hypothesis of the Mobility Transition. Geographical Review, 61(2), 219-249.
Aliasser	Crude Migration Intensity, Aggregate Crude Migration Intensity, CMI / ACMI, Migration Intensity Measure	Mobility Transition Analysis, Zelinsky Hypothesis Staging, Mobility Transition Hypothesis, Migration Phase Analysis
Relaterede	3	3
Resumé	The internal migration intensity index measures how much migration occurs within a country — the overall propensity of people to change their place of usual residence — independently of where they move or what the net redistribution is. Its simplest form, the Crude Migration Intensity (CMI), is just the number of internal migrants over an interval divided by the population at risk, expressed per hundred or per thousand. Martin Bell and colleagues, in their 2002 Journal of the Royal Statistical Society paper and the later IMAGE programme, showed that this apparently simple measure is treacherous to compare across countries because it depends heavily on how the territory is carved into zones: the more, smaller regions you define, the more boundary-crossing 'migrants' you count. They therefore developed the Aggregate Crude Migration Intensity (ACMI), a scale-standardized intensity that corrects for this modifiable areal unit problem, and embedded it in a four-part framework — intensity, impact, pattern, and distance — that separates the overall amount of migration from its net effect, its spatial structure, and its typical range. Grounded in the measurement conventions of the United Nations migration manuals, the index gives demographers a defensible, internationally comparable answer to the deceptively hard question 'how migratory is this population?'	Migration transition analysis applies Wilbur Zelinsky's 1971 hypothesis of the mobility transition, which holds that there are definite, patterned regularities in the growth of personal mobility through space and time and that these regularities are a basic component of the modernization process. Just as the demographic transition links falling birth and death rates to development, Zelinsky argued that societies pass through ordered phases — from a premodern traditional society with little movement, through early and late transitional phases marked by massive rural-to-urban and frontier and emigration flows, to advanced and superadvanced societies dominated by inter-urban and circular movement rather than permanent relocation. Each phase carries a characteristic mix of mobility types, so a society's stage can be read from the balance of rural-urban, frontier, international, and circular movement it exhibits. Massey and colleagues' 1993 review placed Zelinsky's framework among the macro-level accounts that connect migration to the structural transformation of economies. The analysis stages countries by their mobility profile and traces how that profile shifts as development proceeds, including the well-known migration hump in which emigration first rises and then falls with income. It supplies a developmental scaffolding for comparative migration research.