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| Spatial Gini Concentration Index× | Location Quotient× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fagområde≠ | Human Geography | Økonomi |
| Familie | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Oprindelsesår≠ | 1991 | 1960 |
| Ophavsperson≠ | Corrado Gini (coefficient); locational adaptation in regional science / economic geography | Developed in regional science; codified by Walter Isard |
| Type≠ | Descriptive index of how unevenly an activity is distributed across space | Descriptive index of relative regional concentration |
| Oprindelig kilde≠ | Duncan, O. D., & Duncan, B. (1955). A methodological analysis of segregation indexes. American Sociological Review, 20(2), 210–217. DOI ↗ | Isard, W. (1960). Methods of Regional Analysis: An Introduction to Regional Science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN: 9780262090032 |
| Aliasser≠ | Locational Gini Coefficient, Spatial Gini Index, Geographic Concentration Index, Gini Index of Spatial Inequality | LQ, Coefficient of Localization, Regional Specialization Ratio |
| Relaterede≠ | 4 | 3 |
| Resumé≠ | The spatial (or locational) Gini concentration index adapts the classic Gini coefficient to geography, summarizing in a single number between zero and one how unevenly an activity — an industry, a population group, a resource — is distributed across spatial units relative to a benchmark such as total population or land area. It is the workhorse measure for quantifying geographic concentration and agglomeration in economic geography. | The location quotient (LQ) is a simple descriptive index that measures how concentrated an industry is in a region relative to a larger reference area, usually the nation. It is the ratio of the industry's share of local employment (or output) to its share of national employment. An LQ above one means the region is more specialized in that industry than the nation as a whole; an LQ below one means it is under-represented. |
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