Porovnat metody
Prohlédněte si vybrané metody vedle sebe; řádky, které se liší, jsou zvýrazněny.
| Vowel Formant Analysis× | Acoustic Phonetic Analysis× | |
|---|---|---|
| Obor | Lingvistika | Lingvistika |
| Rodina | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Rok vzniku≠ | 1952 | 1960 |
| Tvůrce≠ | Acoustic phoneticians (Gordon Peterson & Harold Barney) | Acoustic phoneticians (Gunnar Fant; Peter Ladefoged; Keith Johnson) |
| Typ≠ | Acoustic measurement workflow for vowel quality | Empirical measurement workflow for the acoustic signal of speech |
| Původní zdroj≠ | Peterson, G. E., & Barney, H. L. (1952). Control methods used in a study of the vowels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 24(2), 175–184. DOI ↗ | Johnson, K. (2012). Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics (3rd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN: 9781405194662 |
| Další názvy | Formant Analysis, Vowel Acoustic Analysis, F1-F2 Vowel Space Analysis | Acoustic Analysis of Speech, Speech Acoustic Measurement, Acoustic Speech Analysis |
| Příbuzné≠ | 4 | 3 |
| Shrnutí≠ | Vowel formant analysis is the acoustic measurement workflow for characterizing vowel quality. Vowels are resonances of the vocal tract, and their identity is carried by the formants — the spectral peaks created by those resonances. The first formant F1 is inversely related to vowel height (low F1 for high vowels, high F1 for low vowels), and the second formant F2 tracks frontness/backness (high F2 for front vowels, low F2 for back vowels). By measuring F1 and F2, plotting vowels in the F1×F2 acoustic space, and normalizing across speakers with procedures such as Lobanov, Bark, and Nearey, analysts obtain a reproducible map of a vowel system that can be compared within and across speakers, dialects, and time. | Acoustic phonetic analysis is the empirical measurement workflow at the heart of experimental phonetics: it records speech, segments and labels the signal, and extracts quantitative acoustic parameters — the waveform, the spectrogram, fundamental frequency (F0), the formants, intensity, segment duration, and voice onset time (VOT). These measurements are interpreted through the source-filter theory of speech production, which models the output sound as a glottal source spectrum shaped by the transfer function of the vocal tract, turning the audible speech stream into reproducible numbers that can be compared, modelled, and related to articulation. |
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