Porovnat metody
Prohlédněte si vybrané metody vedle sebe; řádky, které se liší, jsou zvýrazněny.
| Ordinální Raschův model (modely škály hodnocení a částečného kreditu)× | Teorie odpovědi na položku (IRT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Obor | Psychometrika | Psychometrika |
| Rodina | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Rok vzniku≠ | 1978–1982 | 1952–1968 |
| Tvůrce≠ | David Andrich (RSM, 1978); Geoff Masters (PCM, 1982) | Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models) |
| Typ≠ | Item response model for ordered categories | Probabilistic measurement model |
| Původní zdroj≠ | Andrich, D. (1978). A rating formulation for ordered response categories. Psychometrika, 43(4), 561–573. DOI ↗ | Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley. link ↗ |
| Další názvy | Rating Scale Model, Partial Credit Model, RSM, PCM | IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory |
| Příbuzné≠ | 6 | 5 |
| Shrnutí≠ | The ordinal Rasch model extends the dichotomous Rasch framework to items with ordered response categories such as Likert-type scales. It places both persons and items on a shared interval-level metric, enabling principled measurement from ordinal data while checking whether items function consistently across all response thresholds. | Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons. |
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