Porovnat metody
Prohlédněte si vybrané metody vedle sebe; řádky, které se liší, jsou zvýrazněny.
| Mikrosimulace× | System Dynamics× | |
|---|---|---|
| Obor | Simulace | Simulace |
| Rodina | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Rok vzniku≠ | 1957 | 1961 |
| Tvůrce≠ | Guy Orcutt (concept, 1957); modern tax-transfer frameworks developed through EUROMOD and related projects | Jay W. Forrester |
| Typ≠ | Policy simulation / computational social science | Continuous simulation / feedback modelling |
| Původní zdroj≠ | O'Donoghue, C. (Ed.) (2014). Handbook of Microsimulation Modelling. Emerald. DOI ↗ | Sterman, J.D. (2000). Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World. Irwin McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0072389159 |
| Další názvy≠ | Mikrosimülasyon, micro-simulation, policy microsimulation | stock-flow modelling, Sistem Dinamiği (Stock-Flow Modelleme), SD modelling, feedback simulation |
| Příbuzné≠ | 5 | 3 |
| Shrnutí≠ | Microsimulation is a computational method that simulates policy effects by operating directly on a population of individual micro-units — households, firms, patients — and applying rules to each unit according to its own demographic, economic, and behavioural characteristics. Developed conceptually by Guy Orcutt in 1957, it has become the standard tool for evaluating tax reform, pension systems, and health policy before implementation. | System dynamics is a continuous simulation method, developed by Jay W. Forrester at MIT in 1961, that represents a complex system through stocks (accumulations), flows (rates of change), and feedback loops. By expressing these relationships as coupled ordinary differential equations, it reproduces how policies, delays, and nonlinear feedbacks drive system behaviour over time — making it a cornerstone tool in policy analysis, organisational modelling, and sustainability research. |
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