Porovnat metody

	Circular Migration Measurement	Return Migration Analysis
Obor	Migration Studies	Migration Studies
Rodina	Survival analysis	Process / pipeline
Rok vzniku	2011	2004
Tvůrce	Amelie F. Constant & Klaus F. Zimmermann	Jean-Pierre Cassarino
Typ	Count-data and repeat-transition measurement of migratory circularity	Conceptual-analytic framework for theorising and assessing return migration
Původní zdroj	Constant, A. F., & Zimmermann, K. F. (2011). Circular and Repeat Migration: Counts of Exits and Years Away from the Host Country. Population Research and Policy Review, 30(4), 495-515.	Cassarino, J.-P. (2004). Theorising Return Migration: The Conceptual Approach to Return Migrants Revisited. International Journal on Multicultural Societies, 6(2), 253-279.
Další názvy	Repeat Migration Counts, Circularity Index of Migration, Exits-and-Years-Away Measurement, Markov Repeat-Migration Model	Return Preparedness Framework, Cassarino Return Typology, Resource-Mobilization Analysis of Return, Reintegration Readiness Assessment
Příbuzné	3	3
Shrnutí	Circular migration measurement provides a quantitative grammar for distinguishing migrants who move back and forth across a border from those who settle permanently or return for good. Constant and Zimmermann's 2011 study proposed measuring circularity through two simple but powerful quantities: the number of exits a migrant makes from the host country and the cumulative years they spend away. With these counts in hand, the analysis models them statistically — using Poisson or negative-binomial regression for the count of exits and related models for years away — and represents the back-and-forth itself as transitions between being in the host country and being away, in the spirit of a Markov repeat-migration process. The framework turns the fuzzy notion of 'circular' or 'repeat' migration into measurable outcomes that can be explained by individual and contextual covariates and used to classify migrants into permanent stayers, circular movers, and permanent returners. Its contribution is to make circularity countable rather than merely descriptive.	Return migration analysis examines why and how migrants go back to their countries of origin and, crucially, what determines whether that return succeeds. Jean-Pierre Cassarino's 2004 reconceptualization shifted the field away from asking only whether return signals economic failure or success, toward two organizing ideas: preparedness — the migrant's willingness and capacity to gather resources before returning — and resource mobilization, the tangible and intangible assets a returnee brings home. Set within a social-network and cross-border-embeddedness framework, the approach treats return not as the end of a migration but as a stage whose outcome depends on how prepared and resourced the returnee is and how connected they remain to networks in both origin and host societies. Analytically it is a conceptual pipeline: it situates a return within competing theories, assesses preparedness, inventories mobilized resources, evaluates network embeddedness, and classifies the return — distinguishing prepared, voluntary returns likely to reintegrate well from failure-driven or forced returns that are not. The framework reoriented return studies around readiness and reintegration rather than a simple success/failure verdict.