পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| স্বাস্থ্য অর্থনীতিতে অর্থ প্রদানে ইচ্ছুক (WTP)× | স্বাস্থ্য অর্থনীতিতে মার্কভ চেইন মডেল× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | স্বাস্থ্য অর্থনীতি | স্বাস্থ্য অর্থনীতি |
| পরিবার | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1980s | 1983 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Carson & Louviere (stated preference/contingent valuation methods) | Beck & Pauker (medical decision analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital) |
| ধরন | Method | Method |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Carson, R. T., & Louviere, J. J. (2011). A Common Nomenclature for Stated Choice Studies. In S. Hess & A. Daly (Eds.), Choice Modelling: The State of the Art and the State of Practice. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. link ↗ | Beck, J. R., & Pauker, S. G. (1983). The Markov Process in Medical Prognosis. Medical Decision Making, 3(4), 419-458. DOI ↗ |
| অপর নাম | WTP, contingent valuation, stated preference method | Markov model, state transition model, cohort simulation |
| সম্পর্কিত | 5 | 5 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | Willingness to pay (WTP) is an economic valuation method that elicits what individuals or society are willing to spend for a health benefit or to avoid a health risk. Rooted in contingent valuation (Carson & Louviere, 1980s), WTP is used to monetize health outcomes for cost-benefit analysis and to infer implicit cost-effectiveness thresholds from actual healthcare spending patterns. Unlike revealed preference (observing actual spending behavior), WTP uses stated preferences—surveys asking respondents: 'How much would you pay for this health improvement?' | A Markov model is a decision-analytic tool that simulates disease progression through defined health states over time, calculating cumulative costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) to enable cost-effectiveness analysis. Developed by Beck and Pauker in 1983, Markov models are now the standard framework for projecting long-term outcomes of health interventions, especially chronic diseases where patients transition between clinical states (treatment response, disease progression, remission, death). Used by health technology assessment bodies and pharmaceutical companies to predict intervention value beyond trial duration. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
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