পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| স্থানিক প্লেসবো পরীক্ষা× | স্থানিক ডিফারেন্স-ইন-ডিফারেন্সেস (Spatial Difference-in-Differences)× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | কার্যকারণ অনুমান | কার্যকারণ অনুমান |
| পরিবার | Regression model | Regression model |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 2000s–2010s | 2015 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Developed organically in spatial econometrics and geographic RDD literature; prominent use in Dell (2010) and related work | Delgado & Florax |
| ধরন≠ | Falsification / robustness check | Quasi-experimental estimator |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Buonanno, P., Montolio, D., & Vanin, P. (2009). Does Social Capital Reduce Crime? Journal of Law and Economics, 52(1), 145-170. DOI ↗ | Delgado, M. S., & Florax, R. J. G. M. (2015). Difference-in-differences techniques for spatial data: Local autocorrelation and spatial interaction. Economics Letters, 126, 35–40. DOI ↗ |
| অপর নাম | geographic placebo test, spatial falsification test, spatial robustness check, geographic spillover test | Spatial DiD, Geo-DiD, Difference-in-Differences with Spatial Autocorrelation, Mekansal Fark-içinde-Farklar |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 4 | 3 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | A spatial placebo test is a falsification check used in geographic or spatial causal-inference studies. The analyst applies the same estimation procedure to spatial units, boundaries, or zones where no treatment effect should exist — fake borders, shifted cutoffs, or buffer areas beyond spillover range — and checks whether a spurious effect emerges. A non-significant result in the placebo region supports the credibility of the main causal estimate. | Spatial Difference-in-Differences (Spatial DiD) extends the classical DiD estimator to settings where observations are geo-referenced and outcomes may be spatially autocorrelated or subject to spillover effects. Introduced by Delgado and Florax (2015), the method augments the standard two-way fixed-effects DiD regression with a spatial lag or spatial error term, yielding unbiased treatment-effect estimates even when policy shocks propagate across geographic units. It is used by economists, regional scientists, and urban planners evaluating place-based interventions such as infrastructure investment, environmental regulations, or zoning reforms. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
|
|