পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| স্থানিক ইন্সট্রুমেন্টাল ভ্যারিয়েবল (Spatial IV / Spatial 2SLS)× | স্থানিক কার্যকারণ প্রভাব বিশ্লেষণ× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | কার্যকারণ অনুমান | কার্যকারণ অনুমান |
| পরিবার | Regression model | Regression model |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1988-1998 | 2010s (codified) |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Kelejian & Prucha (generalized spatial 2SLS); Anselin (spatial econometrics framework) | Delgado & Florax (spatial DiD); Halleck Vega & Elhorst (SLX model); broader lineage in spatial econometrics (Anselin, 1988) |
| ধরন≠ | Quasi-experimental causal inference with spatial dependence | Quasi-experimental causal inference with spatial data |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Kelejian, H. H., & Prucha, I. R. (1998). A Generalized Spatial Two-Stage Least Squares Procedure for Estimating a Spatial Autoregressive Model with Autoregressive Disturbances. Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 17(1), 99-121. DOI ↗ | Delgado, M. S., & Florax, R. J. G. M. (2015). Difference-in-differences techniques for spatial data: Local autocorrelation and spatial interaction. Economics Letters, 137, 123-126. DOI ↗ |
| অপর নাম | Spatial IV, Spatial 2SLS, Spatial Two-Stage Least Squares, S-IV | spatial causal inference, geo-causal analysis, spatial treatment effect estimation, spatial impact evaluation |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 6 | 4 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | Spatial Instrumental Variables (Spatial IV) is a causal inference method for settings where units — regions, firms, neighborhoods — are spatially interdependent, creating endogeneity that standard IV approaches ignore. It constructs instruments from the spatially lagged values of exogenous characteristics of neighboring units, then applies two-stage least squares to recover unbiased causal estimates in the presence of both endogenous regressors and spatial autocorrelation. | Spatial causal impact analysis estimates the causal effect of a spatially-targeted intervention — a policy, shock, or treatment applied to particular locations — while explicitly accounting for geographic spillovers between treated and untreated units. By combining quasi-experimental designs such as difference-in-differences or regression discontinuity with spatial econometric models, it separates the direct local effect of a treatment from indirect effects that diffuse to neighbouring areas. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
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