পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| একটি রেট্রোস্পেক্টিভ কোহর্ট স্টাডি (Retrospective Cohort Study)× | প্রোস্পেক্টিভ কোহর্ট স্টাডি× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | মহামারীবিদ্যা | মহামারীবিদ্যা |
| পরিবার | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | Mid-20th century (widely formalized 1950s–1970s) | 1950s (systematic application); conceptual roots earlier |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Systematic use attributed to early 20th-century occupational epidemiology; formalized in modern epidemiological theory by Brian MacMahon and others | Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill (landmark application, 1951-1954); cohort methodology formalised by modern epidemiology textbooks |
| ধরন≠ | Observational analytic study | Observational longitudinal study design |
| মৌলিক উৎস | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 |
| অপর নাম | historical cohort study, non-concurrent cohort study, retrospective follow-up study, historical prospective study | longitudinal cohort study, prospective follow-up study, incidence study, prospective observational cohort |
| সম্পর্কিত | 6 | 6 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | A retrospective cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point and reconstructs their exposure history and subsequent outcomes entirely from pre-existing records. Because the data have already been collected before the study begins, the design is far faster and cheaper than a prospective cohort; however, the researcher must work with whatever information was recorded at the time rather than collecting purpose-built measurements. | A prospective cohort study assembles a group of participants who are free of the outcome of interest at baseline, measures their exposures, and then follows them forward in time to record who develops the outcome. By collecting exposure data before outcomes occur, it establishes a clear temporal sequence that supports causal inference — a major advantage over retrospective designs. It is the cornerstone observational method in epidemiology and clinical research. |
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