পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	গুণগত গবেষণা (Qualitative Research) পরিচিতি	গবেষণা প্রশ্ন প্রণয়ন
ক্ষেত্র	গবেষণা পদ্ধতি	গবেষণা পদ্ধতি
পরিবার	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
উদ্ভবের বছর	1900	1950
প্রবর্তক	Ethnographers (Boas), grounded theorists (Glaser & Strauss, 1967), phenomenologists, and interpretivists (1900s–1980s)	Kerlinger, Campbell, & Fisher (1950s–1990s research methodology literature)
ধরন	Framework	Framework
মৌলিক উৎস	Creswell, J. W. (2017). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.	Kerlinger, F. N., & Lee, H. B. (1999). Foundations of Behavioral Research (4th ed.). Wadsworth.
অপর নাম	qualitative inquiry, exploratory research, interpretive research	RQF, research question design
সম্পর্কিত	3	2
সারসংক্ষেপ	Qualitative research is a systematic inquiry into human experiences, meanings, behaviors, and contexts using non-numerical data (words, text, images, observations). Unlike quantitative research, which seeks to measure variables and test hypotheses numerically, qualitative research prioritizes depth, contextual richness, and understanding of 'how' and 'why.' Major approaches include phenomenology (lived experiences), grounded theory (theory development from data), ethnography (cultural understanding through immersion), case study (in-depth investigation of a specific case), and narrative inquiry (personal stories). Creswell (2017), Braun and Clarke (2006), and Patton (2015) provide contemporary frameworks for qualitative design, data collection, and analysis.	Research question formulation is the process of defining clear, focused, and answerable questions that guide a research study. A well-formulated research question specifies what a researcher seeks to investigate, distinguishing between independent and dependent variables (or phenomena), and sets the scope for literature review, methodological design, and data collection. Established in behavioral research literature in the mid-20th century, this framework remains foundational because it transforms vague research interests into testable, empirically grounded inquiries.