পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| বাস্তবসম্মত স্ক্রিনিং পরীক্ষা মূল্যায়ন× | প্রস্থচ্ছেদীয় মহামারীবিদ্যা বিষয়ক গবেষণা× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | মহামারীবিদ্যা | মহামারীবিদ্যা |
| পরিবার | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 2000s-2010s (formalized with PRECIS framework) | 1960s (formal codification); widely practiced since mid-20th century |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Pragmatic trial framework: Schwartz & Lellouch (1967); PRECIS tool: Thorpe et al. (2009) | Classical epidemiology tradition; systematized by Brian MacMahon and Thomas Pugh (1960s) |
| ধরন≠ | Observational / quasi-experimental evaluation design | Observational, descriptive/analytic epidemiological design |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Thorpe, K. E., Zwarenstein, M., Oxman, A. D., Treweek, S., Furberg, C. D., Altman, D. G., & Chalkidou, K. (2009). A pragmatic-explanatory continuum indicator summary (PRECIS): a tool to help trial designers. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 62(5), 464-475. DOI ↗ | Kelsey, J. L., Whittemore, A. S., Evans, A. S., & Thompson, W. D. (1996). Methods in Observational Epidemiology (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195080407 |
| অপর নাম | pragmatic diagnostic screen evaluation, real-world screening evaluation, effectiveness-oriented screening study, PRECIS-guided screening evaluation | prevalence study, cross-sectional survey, transversal study, cross-sectional design |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 5 | 6 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | A pragmatic screening test evaluation assesses the real-world effectiveness of a screening instrument under routine clinical or public-health conditions — rather than the tightly controlled, ideal-participant settings of explanatory studies. It asks whether the screening tool performs adequately in the actual populations and workflows where it will be deployed, prioritising external validity and implementation relevance over maximally controlled internal conditions. | A cross-sectional epidemiological study measures the exposure(s) and outcome(s) of interest simultaneously in a defined population at a single point in time (or over a short period). Because there is no follow-up, it is the most efficient observational design for estimating disease prevalence and for generating hypotheses about associations between risk factors and health outcomes. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
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