পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| আংশিক ক্রেডিট মডেল (PCM / GPCM)× | ডিফারেনশিয়াল আইটেম ফাংশনিং (DIF) বিশ্লেষণ× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | মনোমিতি | মনোমিতি |
| পরিবার | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1982 | 1988 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Geoff N. Masters (PCM, 1982); Eiji Muraki (GPCM, 1992) | Paul W. Holland & Dorothy T. Thayer (Mantel-Haenszel approach, 1988) |
| ধরন≠ | Item Response Theory / Polytomous IRT | Item-level fairness / measurement equivalence analysis |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Masters, G. N. (1982). A Rasch model for partial credit scoring. Psychometrika, 47(2), 149–174. DOI ↗ | Holland, P. W. & Thayer, D. T. (1988). Differential Item Performance and the Mantel-Haenszel Procedure. ETS Research Report Series. link ↗ |
| অপর নাম≠ | Kısmi Kredi Modeli (PCM / GPCM), Generalized Partial Credit Model, GPCM, PCM | Madde Yanlılık Analizi (DIF — Differential Item Functioning), item bias analysis, Mantel-Haenszel DIF, Lord chi-square DIF |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 5 | 4 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | The Partial Credit Model is an extension of the Rasch measurement framework designed for ordered polytomous items — items whose responses fall into more than two ordered categories, such as partial-credit tasks in performance assessment or open-ended scoring rubrics. Proposed by Geoff Masters in 1982 and later generalised by Eiji Muraki in 1992, the model estimates a separate threshold (step) parameter for each adjacent-category transition within every item, allowing fine-grained calibration of how much each additional credit level contributes to locating a person on the latent trait. | Differential Item Functioning analysis examines whether examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — who have the same underlying ability respond differently to a test item. First formalised by Holland and Thayer in 1988 via the Mantel-Haenszel procedure, it is the principal tool in modern test development for detecting and removing item bias. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
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