পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	প্যানেল ডেটা ইন্টারাপ্টেড টাইম সিরিজ	ডিফারেন্স-ইন-ডিফারেন্সেস (ডিফ-ইন-ডিফ)
ক্ষেত্র	কার্যকারণ অনুমান	অর্থমিতি
পরিবার	Regression model	Regression model
উদ্ভবের বছর	2000s–2010s	1994
প্রবর্তক	Shadish, Cook & Campbell (design framework); Bernal, Cummins & Gasparrini (epidemiological tutorial)	Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment)
ধরন	Quasi-experimental causal inference	Causal inference / panel regression
মৌলিক উৎস	Lopez Bernal, J., Cummins, S., & Gasparrini, A. (2017). Interrupted time series regression for the evaluation of public health interventions: a tutorial. International Journal of Epidemiology, 46(1), 348-355.	Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355
অপর নাম	panel ITS, multi-unit ITS, panel ITSA, controlled interrupted time series	diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff)
সম্পর্কিত	5	5
সারসংক্ষেপ	Panel Data Interrupted Time Series (panel ITS) is a quasi-experimental method that estimates the causal effect of an intervention using repeated observations from multiple units over time. By exploiting variation across both units and time periods, it provides stronger causal identification than single-unit ITS, detecting changes in the level and slope of the outcome trajectory immediately following a clearly dated intervention.	Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes.