পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| পর্যটন-আতিশয্য উপলব্ধি পরিমাপক× | পর্যটক আনুগত্য পরিমাপক× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | পর্যটন ব্যবস্থাপনা | পর্যটন ব্যবস্থাপনা |
| পরিবার | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1986 | 2000 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Shelby, B.; Andereck, K. L. | Oppermann, M. |
| ধরন | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Shelby, B., & Heberlein, T. A. (1986). Carrying capacity in recreation settings. University of Oregon Press. Also see: Journal of Leisure Research, 21(4), 318-339. link ↗ | Oppermann, M. (2000). Tourism destination loyalty. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 78-84. DOI ↗ |
| অপর নাম≠ | OPS, Tourism Congestion Scale, Crowding Perception Scale | TLS, Destination Loyalty Scale |
| সম্পর্কিত | 5 | 5 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | The Overtourism Perception Scale (OPS) measures residents' and visitors' concerns about excessive tourism, measuring crowding, environmental degradation, cultural erosion, infrastructure strain, and resulting experience quality diminishment. Rooted in carrying capacity theory (Shelby & Heberlein, 1986) and resident impact perception research (Andereck et al., 2005), the OPS operationalizes overtourism as a multifaceted phenomenon affecting both visitor experience satisfaction and community wellbeing. Overtourism is increasingly critical for destination sustainability; the OPS enables monitoring of perception trends and targeting of mitigation strategies (visitor dispersal, infrastructure investment, capacity management) before crises (resident backlash, environmental damage, reputation loss) occur. | The Tourist Loyalty Scale (TLS) measures the extent to which visitors intend to return to a destination and recommend it to others, reflecting behavioral commitment and preference relative to competing destinations. Developed by Oppermann (2000) and refined across multiple tourism contexts, the TLS captures the ultimate outcome of satisfaction and destination image—willingness to invest time and money in repeat visitation and endorsement. As the true measure of competitive advantage in tourism, loyalty drives revenue stability, positive reputation, and ecosystem resilience. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
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