পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| অনলাইন অংশগ্রহণমূলক পর্যবেক্ষণ× | অনলাইন নন-পার্টিসিপ্যান্ট অবজারভেশন× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | জরিপ পদ্ধতি | জরিপ পদ্ধতি |
| পরিবার | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| উদ্ভবের বছর | Late 1990s–2000s | Late 1990s–2000s |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Christine Hine (virtual ethnography); Robert Kozinets (netnography) | Christine Hine; Robert Kozinets (digital/online adaptation) |
| ধরন≠ | Qualitative data collection method | Qualitative data collection technique |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Hine, C. (2000). Virtual Ethnography. SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-0761958956 | Kozinets, R. V. (2010). Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online. Sage. ISBN: 978-1847875228 |
| অপর নাম | virtual participant observation, digital ethnographic observation, cyber participant observation, internet participant observation | digital non-participant observation, passive online observation, covert online observation, online unobtrusive observation |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 5 | 6 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | Online participant observation is a qualitative data collection method in which the researcher enters a digital community or online environment — forums, social media groups, multiplayer games, virtual workplaces — both as a participant and as an observer, systematically documenting social interactions, practices, and meanings as they naturally unfold in the digital space. | Online non-participant observation is a qualitative data collection technique in which the researcher watches and records naturally occurring behaviour in digital settings — forums, social media platforms, chat groups, comment sections, or online communities — without joining, interacting with, or disclosing their presence to participants. The approach transplants the classical non-participant observation tradition into internet-mediated spaces, enabling study of authentic discourse and interaction as it unfolds organically. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
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