পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| একাধিক-কেস স্টাডি× | অ্যাকশন রিসার্চ× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র≠ | গুণগত | গুণগত গবেষণা |
| পরিবার | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1980s–1990s (Yin's first edition 1984; Stake's collective case study concept 1995) | 1946 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Robert K. Yin (systematic replication logic); Robert E. Stake (naturalistic/collective case tradition) | Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury |
| ধরন≠ | Qualitative research method | Method |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169 | Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46. DOI ↗ |
| অপর নাম≠ | comparative case study, multi-site case study, collective case study, cross-case analysis | Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 6 | 1 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | Multiple-case study design investigates two or more bounded real-world cases using the same research protocol, then compares findings across cases to identify patterns, contrasts, and explanatory insights that a single case could not produce. Developed primarily through Robert Yin's replication logic and Robert Stake's collective case tradition, the approach is particularly powerful when a researcher needs to determine whether a phenomenon occurs under varied conditions or to test an emerging theoretical explanation against rival contexts. | Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
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