পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| বহু-স্তরীয় সুবিধাজনক নমুনায়ন (Multi-level Convenience Sampling)× | গুচ্ছ নমুনাচয়ন× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | জরিপ পদ্ধতি | জরিপ পদ্ধতি |
| পরিবার | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1980s–1990s (concurrent with multilevel modeling development) | Early-to-mid 20th century; canonical treatment 1953/1977 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Emerged from multilevel/hierarchical research traditions | Formalized by William G. Cochran; roots in early 20th-century U.S. Census Bureau survey practice |
| ধরন≠ | Non-probability sampling design | Probability sampling design |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Hox, J. J. (2010). Multilevel Analysis: Techniques and Applications (2nd ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1848728462 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407 |
| অপর নাম≠ | hierarchical convenience sampling, nested convenience sampling, multilevel accessibility sampling, multi-tier convenience sampling | cluster random sampling, area sampling, one-stage cluster sampling |
| সম্পর্কিত | 5 | 5 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | Multi-level convenience sampling is a non-probability approach in which units are selected by convenience at each of two or more nested levels of a hierarchy — for example, recruiting whatever schools agree to participate and then enrolling all available students within those schools. It is widely used in organizational, educational, and health research where the researcher has limited control over access but must respect the nested structure of the population. | Cluster sampling is a probability sampling technique in which the population is divided into naturally occurring groups (clusters), a random sample of clusters is selected, and all — or a random subset of — members within each selected cluster are studied. It is especially practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when units are geographically dispersed, making individual random selection prohibitively expensive. One-stage cluster sampling surveys every member of selected clusters; two-stage designs add a second random draw within clusters. |
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