পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	দুই-নমুনা কোলমোগোরভ-স্মিরনভ পরীক্ষা	সমজাতীয়তার পরীক্ষা (Levene and Brown-Forsythe Test for Equality of Variances)	Mann-Whitney U test	পারমুটেশন (র‍্যান্ডমাইজেশন) টেস্ট
ক্ষেত্র	পরিসংখ্যান	পরিসংখ্যান	পরিসংখ্যান	পরিসংখ্যান
পরিবার	Regression model	Regression model	Hypothesis test	Regression model
উদ্ভবের বছর	1948	1960	1947	2005
প্রবর্তক	N. V. Smirnov	Howard Levene; Morton B. Brown and Alan B. Forsythe	H. B. Mann & D. R. Whitney	Good (2005); Edgington & Onghena (2007); resampling tradition
ধরন	Nonparametric two-sample distribution test	Homogeneity of variance test (robust)	Nonparametric two-group comparison	Nonparametric resampling test
মৌলিক উৎস	Smirnov, N. V. (1948). Table for Estimating the Goodness of Fit of Empirical Distributions. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 19(2), 279-281.	Levene, H. (1960). Robust Tests for Equality of Variances. In Contributions to Probability and Statistics: Essays in Honor of Harold Hotelling. Stanford University Press.	Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60.	Good, P. (2005). Permutation, Parametric and Bootstrap Tests of Hypotheses (3rd ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-0387202792
অপর নাম	KS two-sample test, two-sample KS test, İki Örneklem Kolmogorov-Smirnov Testi	Levene test, Brown-Forsythe test, homogeneity of variance test, Levene ve Brown-Forsythe Varyans Testi	Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Testi	randomization test, exact permutation test, re-randomization test, Permütasyon Testi
সম্পর্কিত	3	5	4	5
সারসংক্ষেপ	The two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is a nonparametric procedure that asks whether two independent groups are drawn from the same continuous distribution. Building on Smirnov's 1948 tables, it compares the empirical cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of the two samples and uses their maximum absolute distance as the test statistic.	The Levene and Brown-Forsythe test checks whether two or more groups share the same variance (homogeneity of variance). Levene (1960) built the test on absolute deviations from each group mean, and Brown and Forsythe (1974) made it robust to non-normal data by centring on the group median instead.	The Mann-Whitney U test is the nonparametric alternative to the independent samples t-test, comparing two independent groups by ranking all observations together rather than relying on their means. It was introduced by H. B. Mann and D. R. Whitney in 1947 and does not require the data to be normally distributed.	The permutation test is a nonparametric resampling procedure that builds the sampling distribution of a test statistic directly from the data by repeatedly shuffling the group labels. Developed in the resampling tradition and treated systematically by Good (2005) and Edgington & Onghena (2007), it requires no parametric distributional assumption and yields an exact p-value.