পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| ইনস্ট্রুমেন্টাল কেস স্টাডি× | অ্যাকশন রিসার্চ× | |
|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র≠ | গুণগত | গুণগত গবেষণা |
| পরিবার | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1995 | 1946 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Robert E. Stake | Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury |
| ধরন≠ | Qualitative research method | Method |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Stake, R. E. (1995). The Art of Case Study Research. Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0803957671 | Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46. DOI ↗ |
| অপর নাম≠ | instrumental case research, theory-building case study, illustrative case study, issue-driven case study | Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 6 | 1 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | Instrumental case study is a qualitative research design, formalised by Robert E. Stake (1995), in which a specific case is studied primarily to gain insight into an external issue or theoretical question — not because the case itself is intrinsically important. The case serves as an instrument for understanding something broader: a policy problem, a theoretical proposition, or a generalised phenomenon. One or several cases are selected because they are expected to illuminate the issue particularly well, and the researcher moves fluidly between the case and the issue throughout the study. | Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement. |
| ScholarGateডেটাসেট ↗ |
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