পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	Institutional Analysis and Development Framework	Policy Network Analysis
ক্ষেত্র	Public Policy	Public Policy
পরিবার	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
উদ্ভবের বছর	2005	1992
প্রবর্তক	Elinor Ostrom & the Bloomington School	R. A. W. Rhodes & David Marsh (British school); broader governance-network tradition
ধরন	Framework for analysing institutions and collective action	Analysis of inter-organisational policy relationships
মৌলিক উৎস	Ostrom, E. (2005). Understanding Institutional Diversity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691122380	Marsh, D., & Rhodes, R. A. W. (Eds.) (1992). Policy Networks in British Government. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN: 9780198278528
অপর নাম	IAD, IAD Framework, Ostrom IAD Framework	Policy Networks, Governance Network Analysis, Policy Network Approach
সম্পর্কিত	4	4
সারসংক্ষেপ	The Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework is a general framework for analysing how institutions — the rules, norms and shared strategies that structure human interaction — shape behaviour and outcomes. Developed by Elinor Ostrom and colleagues at Indiana University's Bloomington School over several decades and synthesised in her 2005 book Understanding Institutional Diversity, it places an 'action situation' at its centre: a structured setting in which actors interact, influenced by biophysical conditions, community attributes and rules-in-use. The framework was central to Ostrom's Nobel-winning work on how communities govern common-pool resources without privatisation or top-down state control.	Policy network analysis examines policymaking as the product of relationships among interdependent actors — government agencies, interest groups, experts and others — who exchange resources such as information, money, legitimacy and authority. In the influential British tradition associated with R. A. W. Rhodes and David Marsh, policy networks range along a continuum from tightly knit, exclusive 'policy communities' to loose, open 'issue networks', and the type of network is held to shape policy outcomes. More broadly, the approach applies the concepts and tools of social-network analysis to governance, treating the structure of ties among actors as a key explanatory variable.