পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	Field-based institutional ethnography	Critical Institutional Ethnography
ক্ষেত্র	গুণগত	গুণগত
পরিবার	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
উদ্ভবের বছর	1987 (IE foundations); field-based variant prominent from 1990s onward	1987 (IE foundational); critical applications prominent 1990s–2000s
প্রবর্তক	Dorothy E. Smith	Dorothy E. Smith (institutional ethnography); critical variant developed through feminist and critical scholars
ধরন	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research design
মৌলিক উৎস	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105713	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105010
অপর নাম	field IE, field-based IE, institutional ethnography fieldwork, on-site institutional ethnography	Critical IE, critical-IE, institutional ethnography with critical orientation, CIE
সম্পর্কিত	6	6
সারসংক্ষেপ	Field-based institutional ethnography (field IE) is a qualitative approach that combines Dorothy Smith's institutional ethnography with sustained, immersive on-site fieldwork. Researchers enter real institutional settings — hospitals, schools, social service offices, prisons — to observe how everyday work practices are coordinated and governed by texts, policies, and ruling relations operating beyond the local site.	Critical institutional ethnography (CIE) combines Dorothy Smith's institutional ethnography with an explicit critical theory lens to investigate how ruling relations, texts, and institutional discourses reproduce inequality and power asymmetries. Starting from the lived experiences of people positioned within or subordinated by institutions, CIE traces how abstract institutional processes coordinate everyday life and subjects those processes to normative critique aimed at social transformation.