পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	ডিসোসিয়েটিভ এক্সপেরিয়েন্সেস স্কেল (DES)	পজিটিভ অ্যান্ড নেগেটিভ সিনড্রোম স্কেল (PANSS)
ক্ষেত্র	মনোরোগবিদ্যা	মনোরোগবিদ্যা
পরিবার	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
উদ্ভবের বছর	1986	1987
প্রবর্তক	Frank W. Putnam	Stanley R. Kay
ধরন	Self-report questionnaire	Clinician-administered rating scale
মৌলিক উৎস	Bernstein, E. M., & Putnam, F. W. (1986). Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174(12), 727–735.	Kay, S. R., Fiszbein, A., & Opler, L. A. (1987). The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 13(2), 261–276.
অপর নাম	DES, DES-II (revised)	PANSS
সম্পর্কিত	3	3
সারসংক্ষেপ	The DES is a 28-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the frequency and severity of dissociative symptoms, including depersonalization (feeling detached from one's body), derealization (feeling the world is unreal), amnesia, absorption (intense focus), and identity confusion. Developed by Bernstein and Putnam in 1986, it is the most widely used dissociation screening instrument in clinical and research settings. The DES helps identify dissociative disorders (dissociative identity disorder, other specified dissociative disorder), trauma-related dissociation, and dissociative symptoms in other psychiatric conditions.	The PANSS is a 30-item clinician-administered scale designed to measure the presence and severity of positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganization), negative symptoms (affective flattening, alogia, avolition), and general psychopathology in schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders. Developed by Kay, Fiszbein, and Opler in 1987, the PANSS has become the standard rating scale in schizophrenia research, antipsychotic medication trials, and clinical monitoring. It provides comprehensive assessment across three symptom domains and yields a total score reflecting overall disease severity.