পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	বিচ্যুতিমূলক দৃষ্টান্ত নমুনায়ন	উদ্দেশ্যমূলক নমুনায়ন
ক্ষেত্র	জরিপ পদ্ধতি	জরিপ পদ্ধতি
পরিবার	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
উদ্ভবের বছর	1990	Formalized ~1980–1990
প্রবর্তক	Michael Quinn Patton	Michael Quinn Patton (systematic articulation); roots in early qualitative inquiry
ধরন	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy	Non-probability sampling strategy
মৌলিক উৎস	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711	Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0803937796
অপর নাম	extreme case sampling, outlier sampling, negative case sampling, deviant-case selection	judgmental sampling, selective sampling, criterion-based sampling, purposeful sampling
সম্পর্কিত	5	4
সারসংক্ষেপ	Deviant case sampling is a purposive qualitative sampling strategy in which the researcher intentionally selects cases that are unusual, exceptional, or markedly different from the norm — outliers, extreme successes, or conspicuous failures. The goal is not statistical representation but deep learning from cases that illuminate the boundaries of a phenomenon, challenge prevailing assumptions, or reveal processes that typical cases obscure.	Purposive sampling is a non-probability strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects participants, documents, or cases that are information-rich with respect to the research question. Rather than drawing units at random, the researcher applies explicit criteria aligned with the study's purpose, maximising the depth and relevance of the data collected. It is the default sampling logic in most qualitative research designs and is also used in mixed-methods and applied evaluative work.