পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	প্রস্থচ্ছেদীয় মহামারীবিদ্যা বিষয়ক গবেষণা	কোহর্ট স্টাডি
ক্ষেত্র	মহামারীবিদ্যা	মহামারীবিদ্যা
পরিবার	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
উদ্ভবের বছর	1960s (formal codification); widely practiced since mid-20th century	Mid-20th century (formal epidemiological design codified ~1950s)
প্রবর্তক	Classical epidemiology tradition; systematized by Brian MacMahon and Thomas Pugh (1960s)	Doll & Hill (British Doctors Study, 1951); Snow (cholera, 1854)
ধরন	Observational, descriptive/analytic epidemiological design	Observational longitudinal study design
মৌলিক উৎস	Kelsey, J. L., Whittemore, A. S., Evans, A. S., & Thompson, W. D. (1996). Methods in Observational Epidemiology (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195080407	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641
অপর নাম	prevalence study, cross-sectional survey, transversal study, cross-sectional design	longitudinal study, follow-up study, panel study, incidence study
সম্পর্কিত	6	6
সারসংক্ষেপ	A cross-sectional epidemiological study measures the exposure(s) and outcome(s) of interest simultaneously in a defined population at a single point in time (or over a short period). Because there is no follow-up, it is the most efficient observational design for estimating disease prevalence and for generating hypotheses about associations between risk factors and health outcomes.	A cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point — typically freedom from the outcome of interest — and follows them over time to observe who develops the outcome. By comparing incidence rates between exposed and unexposed subgroups, researchers can estimate relative risk and absolute risk differences. Cohort studies are the gold-standard observational design for measuring disease incidence and establishing temporal relationships between exposure and outcome.