পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	বন্ধ-লুপ সরবরাহ শৃঙ্খল	ভেন্ডর-পরিচালিত ইনভেন্টরি
ক্ষেত্র	পরিচালন ব্যবস্থাপনা	পরিচালন ব্যবস্থাপনা
পরিবার	Machine learning	Machine learning
উদ্ভবের বছর	2003	2006
প্রবর্তক	Guide, V. D. R., & Van Wassenhove, L. N.	Disney, S. M., & Towill, D. R.
ধরন	Supply chain strategy	Business and inventory model
মৌলিক উৎস	Guide, V. D. R., & Van Wassenhove, L. N. (2003). Business aspects of closed-loop supply chains. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University Press.	Disney, S. M., & Towill, D. R. (2006). Vendor-managed inventory: A taxonomy of approaches and implications. International Journal of Production Economics, 106(2), 440-456.
অপর নাম	reverse logistics, circular economy logistics	VMI, supplier-managed inventory
সম্পর্কিত	5	5
সারসংক্ষেপ	A closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) integrates forward logistics (moving products to customers) with reverse logistics (recovering products, components, or materials from customers) to optimize resource recovery, reduce waste, and minimize environmental impact. Products flow forward for customer use, then flow backward for remanufacturing, refurbishment, recycling, or proper disposal. CLSC is driven by regulatory compliance (e.g., take-back laws), cost recovery, environmental responsibility, and increasingly, customer demand for sustainable business practices.	Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI) is a supply chain arrangement in which the supplier (vendor) has visibility into the customer's inventory levels and assumes responsibility for replenishing inventory to pre-agreed levels. Rather than customers placing orders based on internal forecasts, the supplier monitors actual consumption and triggers replenishment shipments automatically. VMI reduces administrative burden, minimizes stock-outs, improves cash flow (by reducing inventory in the supply chain), and fosters collaboration between supplier and customer.