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| Имуноферментен анализ (ELISA)× | Радиоимунен анализ (РИА)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Област | Ветеринарни науки | Ветеринарни науки |
| Семейство | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Година на възникване≠ | 1971 | 1959–1960 |
| Създател≠ | Eva Engvall and Peter Perlmann; independent parallel development by Anton Schuurs and Bauke van Weemen | Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson |
| Тип≠ | Quantitative immunoassay | Quantitative immunological assay |
| Основополагащ източник≠ | Engvall, E., & Perlmann, P. (1971). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) quantitative assay of immunoglobulin G. Immunochemistry, 8(9), 871–874. DOI ↗ | Yalow, R. S., & Berson, S. A. (1960). Immunoassay of endogenous plasma insulin in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 39(7), 1157–1175. DOI ↗ |
| Други названия | enzyme immunoassay, EIA, solid-phase enzyme immunoassay, ELISA test | RIA, radioisotope immunoassay, isotope immunoassay, radioligand assay |
| Свързани≠ | 2 | 1 |
| Резюме≠ | ELISA is a plate-based immunoassay technique that detects and quantifies proteins, antibodies, antigens, hormones, and other analytes in biological samples. Widely used in veterinary science, medicine, and food safety, it exploits the specificity of antibody–antigen binding coupled to an enzyme-driven colorimetric signal to deliver sensitive, reproducible measurements across large sample batches. | Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a highly sensitive, quantitative laboratory technique that measures the concentration of a specific antigen — such as a hormone, drug, or pathogen-derived protein — in a biological sample by exploiting competitive binding between a radiolabelled antigen and the sample antigen for a limited supply of specific antibody. Developed in the late 1950s, RIA is widely used in veterinary science, endocrinology, pharmacology, and clinical diagnostics. |
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