قارن الطرق

	الفولتامترية	كروماتوغرافيا الأيونات	المعايرة الجهدية
المجال	الكيمياء التحليلية	الكيمياء التحليلية	الكيمياء التحليلية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1922	1975	1909
صاحب الطريقة	Jaroslav Heyrovsky	Hamish Small	Soren Sorensen
النوع	electrochemical separation and analysis	separation and analysis technique	titration method
المصدر التأسيسي	Nicholson, R. S., & Shain, I. (1965). Theory of stationary electrode polarography for a chemical reaction coupled to electron transfer. Analytical Chemistry, 36(4), 706–723.	Small, H., Stevens, T. S., & Bauman, W. C. (1989). Novel ion exchange chromatographic method using conductometric detection. Analytical Chemistry, 47(11), 1801–1809.	Skoog, D. A., West, D. M., Holler, F. J., & Crouch, S. R. (2014). Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry (9th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1133170960
الأسماء البديلة	electrochemical voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, CV, differential pulse voltammetry	IC, ion-exchange chromatography, IEC	potentiometry, electrochemical titration
ذات صلة	5	5	5
الملخص	Voltammetry is an electrochemical analytical technique that studies chemical reactions and properties of substances by measuring the current response as the potential applied to an electrode is systematically varied. Developed by Jaroslav Heyrovsky in the 1920s (polarography), modern voltammetry has become essential for measuring redox potentials, detecting trace analytes, and investigating reaction mechanisms. Variants such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) offer high sensitivity and selectivity for electrochemically active analytes.	Ion chromatography is a liquid chromatography method that separates ions and polar molecules based on their relative affinity for the ion exchange resin in the column. Developed by Hamish Small in 1975, it combines ion-exchange separation with conductivity detection, enabling rapid, sensitive, and simultaneous determination of multiple ions in a single analysis. Ion chromatography has become an indispensable tool for monitoring environmental pollutants, analyzing food and pharmaceutical products, and studying complex ionic mixtures.	Potentiometric titration is an electrochemical method of analysis that measures the potential difference between a reference electrode and an indicator electrode as a titrant is gradually added to a solution. Developed in the early 20th century, it allows precise determination of the concentration of analytes without requiring visual endpoint indicators. This method is fundamental in analytical chemistry for determining acids, bases, redox species, and metal ions.