قارن الطرق

	دراسة الحالة المتعددة بالاستنباط البصري	الإثنوغرافيا
المجال	نوعي	نوعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2000s–2010s (integration period)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
صاحب الطريقة	Synthesised from Douglas Harper (photo elicitation) and Robert K. Yin (multiple case study)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
النوع	Qualitative multi-method design	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
المصدر التأسيسي	Harper, D. (2002). Talking about pictures: A case for photo elicitation. Visual Studies, 17(1), 13–26.	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
الأسماء البديلة	photo-elicitation multiple case study, visual data multiple case study, image-elicitation multi-case study, VEMCS	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Visual elicitation multiple case study is a qualitative design that embeds photo or image elicitation techniques within a multiple case study framework. Photographs, drawings, or other visual artefacts — produced by participants or the researcher — serve as interview stimuli, enriching within-case depth and enabling rigorous cross-case comparison. The approach leverages the power of images to surface tacit knowledge, making it especially valuable for researching contexts, identities, or experiences that are difficult to articulate in words alone.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.