قارن الطرق

	قياس ارتفاع الشجرة	أخذ عينات جرد الغابات
المجال	علوم الغابات	علوم الغابات
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1950s–2000s	1973
صاحب الطريقة	Bitterlich and classical forestry mensuration	Loetsch, Zöhrer, and Haller
النوع	Measurement pipeline	Statistical sampling pipeline
المصدر التأسيسي	Bitterlich, W. (1984). The Relascope Idea: Relative Measurements in Forestry. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.	Loetsch, F., Zöhrer, F., & Haller, K. E. (1973). Forest Inventory. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft.
الأسماء البديلة	Dendrometric height, Tree elevation measurement, Stand height determination	Forest stand sampling, Timber inventory sampling, Plot-based forest survey
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Tree height measurement—determining the vertical distance from ground to tree top—is a cornerstone of forest inventory and biomass estimation. Ranging from classical optical instruments (clinometer, Abney level) to modern laser hypsometers and airborne LiDAR, tree height quantification enables calculation of volume, biomass, site index (productivity), and forest structural characterization essential for management, research, and carbon accounting.	Forest inventory sampling is a systematic approach to estimate forest characteristics such as timber volume, species composition, and biomass by surveying a representative subset of trees rather than conducting exhaustive censuses. Developed by Loetsch and colleagues in the 1970s, the method applies statistical sampling theory to forest assessment and remains the foundation for sustainable forest management and resource monitoring worldwide.