قارن الطرق

	تحليل بروتوكول TLS	دالة التجزئة SHA
المجال	علم التعمية	علم التعمية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1994	1993
صاحب الطريقة	Netscape Communications Corporation, IETF	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
النوع	Cryptographic transport protocol	One-way hash algorithm
المصدر التأسيسي	Rescorla, E. (2018). The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3. RFC 8446.	National Institute of Standards and Technology (1993). Secure Hash Standard (SHS). Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) Publication 180.
الأسماء البديلة	TLS/SSL Protocol, HTTPS Security, Secure Transport Layer	SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-512, Secure Hash Algorithm
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol is the cryptographic standard that secures web communication and email transmission. Evolved from SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), TLS provides authentication, encryption, and integrity protection for data in transit. The protocol combines public-key cryptography (RSA, ECDH) for key agreement, symmetric encryption (AES) for bulk data, and digital signatures (SHA-256) for authentication.	The Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) is a family of cryptographic hash functions standardized by NIST starting in 1993. SHA functions produce fixed-length digests from arbitrary-length input data, serving as a fundamental building block for digital signatures, message authentication, and data integrity verification across security-critical applications.