قارن الطرق

	تحليل المفتاح المتماثل	دالة التجزئة SHA
المجال	علم التعمية	علم التعمية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1991	1993
صاحب الطريقة	Eli Biham, Adi Shamir, Mitsuru Matsui	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
النوع	Cryptographic strength analysis	One-way hash algorithm
المصدر التأسيسي	Biham, E., & Shamir, A. (1991). Differential cryptanalysis of DES. Journal of Cryptology, 4(1), 3–72.	National Institute of Standards and Technology (1993). Secure Hash Standard (SHS). Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) Publication 180.
الأسماء البديلة	Symmetric Cryptanalysis, Block Cipher Analysis, Stream Cipher Cryptanalysis	SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-512, Secure Hash Algorithm
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	Symmetric key cryptanalysis is the study of attacks against symmetric encryption algorithms (such as DES, AES, and stream ciphers) to evaluate their security and identify weaknesses. Classical techniques include differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis, which have shaped the design of modern ciphers and remain essential tools for cryptographers assessing algorithm robustness.	The Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) is a family of cryptographic hash functions standardized by NIST starting in 1993. SHA functions produce fixed-length digests from arbitrary-length input data, serving as a fundamental building block for digital signatures, message authentication, and data integrity verification across security-critical applications.