قارن الطرق

	مقياس الرضا عن الحياة (SWLS)	مقياس مركز دراسات الأوبئة للاكتئاب (CES-D)	استبيان الصحة العامة-12 (GHQ-12)	مقياس اكتئاب المسنين (GDS)
المجال	علم النفس السريري	علم النفس السريري	علم النفس السريري	علم النفس السريري
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1985	1977	1992	1982
صاحب الطريقة	Ed Diener, Richard A. Emmons, Richard J. Larsen, and Sharon Griffin	Lenore Sawyer Radloff	David P. Goldberg	Jerome A. Yesavage, Terry L. Brink, and colleagues
النوع	Global life satisfaction self-report	Community-based depression assessment	Psychiatric symptom screening	Age-appropriate depression screening
المصدر التأسيسي	Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75.	Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401.	Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire. Oxford University Press.	Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49.
الأسماء البديلة	SWLS	CES-D, CESD	GHQ-12, GHQ	GDS, GDS-15, GDS-30
ذات صلة	5	5	5	5
الملخص	The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) is a brief, five-item self-report measure of global life satisfaction developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin in 1985. It assesses the degree to which individuals are satisfied with their lives as a whole, reflecting a cognitive-judgmental component of subjective well-being. The scale has become a cornerstone instrument in well-being research, psychology, gerontology, and quality-of-life assessment across diverse populations.	The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide.	The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) is a brief, 12-item self-report screening instrument for psychological distress and mental health problems in the general population. Developed by David P. Goldberg, the GHQ-12 is the most widely used short form of the longer General Health Questionnaire series. It is designed for rapid detection of minor psychiatric morbidity and assessment of psychological well-being in clinical, occupational health, and community settings.	The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item self-report depression screening instrument specifically designed for older adults. Developed by Yesavage, Brink, and colleagues in 1982, the GDS addresses the unique presentation of depression in aging populations, where symptoms may differ from younger adults. A validated 15-item short form (GDS-15) is widely used in primary care and community settings for rapid screening.