قارن الطرق

	معادلة ستيفان-ماكسويل للانتشار	تقريب بوسينيسك
المجال	الديناميكا الحرارية	الديناميكا الحرارية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1871	1903
صاحب الطريقة	Josef Stefan and James Clerk Maxwell	Joseph Boussinesq
النوع	Diffusion equation	Approximation technique
المصدر التأسيسي	Reid, R. C., Prausnitz, J. M., & Poling, B. E. (1987). The Properties of Gases and Liquids (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0071247009	Boussinesq, J. (1903). Théorie Analytique de la Chaleur. Gauthier-Villars.
الأسماء البديلة	Stefan-Maxwell equation, multicomponent diffusion	buoyancy approximation, Boussinesq model
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	The Stefan-Maxwell diffusion equation describes how multiple chemical species diffuse through each other in a mixture, accounting for interactions between all species pairs. Unlike Fick's law, which assumes species diffuse independently, Stefan-Maxwell theory captures the coupling that occurs when species with different diffusivities move at different rates. This is essential for analyzing gas separation, combustion, catalytic processes, and reactive distillation.	The Boussinesq Approximation simplifies the governing equations for natural convection by treating density as constant except in the buoyancy term. This approximation is valid when temperature variations produce small density changes and allows researchers to solve coupled heat-fluid flow problems without solving the full, nonlinear compressibility equations. The Boussinesq Approximation is fundamental to analyzing buoyancy-driven flows in buildings, enclosures, and geophysical applications.