قارن الطرق

	الترجيح العكسي الاحتمالي المكاني (Spatial IPW)	الانحدار المكاني (نماذج التباين المكاني والخطأ المكاني)
المجال	الاستدلال السببي	الاقتصاد القياسي
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	2010s	1988
صاحب الطريقة	Extension of Rosenbaum & Rubin (1983) IPW to spatial settings; formal treatment by Papadogeorgou et al. (2019)	Luc Anselin
النوع	Quasi-experimental / causal inference	Spatial regression (cross-sectional)
المصدر التأسيسي	Hirano, K., Imbens, G. W., & Ridder, G. (2003). Efficient Estimation of Average Treatment Effects Using the Estimated Propensity Score. Econometrica, 71(4), 1161-1189.	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
الأسماء البديلة	Spatial IPW, Geographic IPW, Spatially-weighted IPW, SIPW	spatial econometrics, spatial lag model, spatial error model, SAR / SEM
ذات صلة	6	5
الملخص	Spatial Inverse Probability Weighting extends the classical IPW estimator to settings where units are geo-referenced and spatial location is a confounding dimension. By incorporating geographic coordinates or spatial proximity into the propensity score model, it reweights the observed sample so that treatment and control groups are balanced not only on measured covariates but also on spatial structure, enabling credible causal inference from spatially indexed observational data.	Spatial regression is a family of regression models that build geographic neighbourhood relationships directly into the model, introduced by Luc Anselin in his 1988 treatment of spatial econometrics. It splits into a spatial lag model, where spatial dependence sits in the dependent variable, and a spatial error model, where the dependence sits in the error term.