قارن الطرق

	Situational Crime Prevention Analysis	Deterrence Analysis
المجال	Criminology	Criminology
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1997	1968
صاحب الطريقة	Ronald V. Clarke	Cesare Beccaria & Jeremy Bentham (classical); Gary Becker & Daniel Nagin (modern)
النوع	Opportunity-reduction framework for crime prevention	Theory and empirical analysis of how punishment deters offending
المصدر التأسيسي	Clarke, R. V. (Ed.). (1997). Situational Crime Prevention: Successful Case Studies (2nd ed.). Harrow and Heston. ISBN: 9780911577389	Nagin, D. S. (2013). Deterrence in the twenty-first century: A review of the evidence. Crime and Justice, 42(1), 199–263.
الأسماء البديلة	SCP, Situational Prevention, Opportunity-Reduction Framework, Twenty-Five Techniques of Situational Crime Prevention	Deterrence Theory, Certainty-Severity-Celerity Analysis, Perceptual Deterrence Analysis, Focused Deterrence Analysis
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Situational crime prevention (SCP) is a framework, developed by Ronald Clarke, for reducing crime by changing the immediate situations in which it occurs rather than the dispositions of offenders. It diagnoses the specific opportunities that make a crime easy, rewarding, or low-risk and then applies twenty-five practical techniques organized under five mechanisms: increase effort, increase risk, reduce rewards, reduce provocations, and remove excuses.	Deterrence analysis studies how the threat and imposition of legal punishment discourage crime. Rooted in classical criminology and formalized in Gary Becker's economic model, it distinguishes the certainty, severity, and celerity of punishment, separates perceived from objective sanction risk, and uses quasi-experimental and perceptual evidence — synthesized by Daniel Nagin — to test how much, and through what channels, punishment actually deters.