قارن الطرق

	العينة العشوائية البسيطة	المعاينة المنتظمة
المجال	منهجية المسح	منهجية المسح
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	Early 20th century; systematized by Cochran 1953/1977	Mid-20th century (Cochran 1953; Kish 1965)
صاحب الطريقة	William Gosset, Jerzy Neyman, and formalized by William Cochran	William G. Cochran; formalized in survey sampling theory
النوع	Probability sampling design	Probability sampling design
المصدر التأسيسي	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
الأسماء البديلة	SRS, unrestricted random sampling, equal-probability sampling, EPSEM	interval sampling, systematic random sampling, equal-interval sampling, fixed-interval sampling
ذات صلة	6	5
الملخص	Simple random sampling (SRS) is the foundational probability sampling method in which every unit in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Because selection is governed purely by chance, SRS eliminates systematic bias, supports unbiased estimation of population parameters, and provides the statistical baseline against which all more complex probability designs are evaluated.	Systematic sampling is a probability sampling technique in which every k-th element is selected from an ordered list of the population after a random starting point. With population size N and desired sample size n, the sampling interval k = N/n is computed and one unit is chosen at random from the first interval; all subsequent units are selected by adding k repeatedly. The method is operationally simple, yields a spread-out sample, and often achieves lower variance than simple random sampling when the list has no harmful periodicity.