قارن الطرق

	أخذ العينات بالمسح	Equine Gait Analysis
المجال	العلوم البيطرية	العلوم البيطرية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1974	1990
صاحب الطريقة	Jeanne Altmann	Equine Veterinary Medicine Research Community
النوع	Group Behavioral Sampling	Observational and Instrumental Evaluation
المصدر التأسيسي	Altmann, J. (1974). Observational study of behavior: sampling methods. Behaviour, 49(3-4), 227-267.	Keegan, K. G., Dent, E. V., Balev, S. F., Bunch, P., Ellington, J. K., French, H., & Bennett, D. K. (2011). Equine movement: from structure to function. Equine Veterinary Journal, 43(3), 285-291.
الأسماء البديلة	instantaneous sampling, scan observation, group sampling	lameness evaluation, motion analysis, stride assessment
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Scan Sampling (also called instantaneous sampling) is a behavioral observation method in which an observer records the state of all group members simultaneously at regular time intervals. Introduced alongside focal animal sampling by Jeanne Altmann in 1974, scan sampling is efficient for quantifying activity budgets and group-level behavioral patterns in multiple animals without the labor of focal observation.	Equine Gait Analysis is a systematic evaluation of a horse's movement patterns at walk, trot, and canter to detect lameness, asymmetry, and biomechanical dysfunction. Combining visual observation with increasingly sophisticated instrumental techniques (force plate analysis, kinematics, accelerometry), gait analysis is essential for diagnosing the causes of lameness, monitoring recovery from injury, and evaluating the safety and suitability of sport horses.