قارن الطرق

	نماذج مخزون الأمان ونقطة إعادة الطلب	تحليل ABC: تصنيف المخزون حسب قيمة الاستخدام السنوية	نموذج بائع الصحف الجديد
المجال	بحوث العمليات	بحوث العمليات	بحوث العمليات
العائلة	Regression model	Process / pipeline	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1998	1998	1951
صاحب الطريقة	Silver, Pyke & Peterson	Pareto principle; Silver, Pyke & Peterson	Arrow, Harris & Marschak
النوع	Stochastic inventory control model	Inventory segmentation technique	Stochastic single-period inventory optimization
المصدر التأسيسي	Silver, E. A., Pyke, D. F., & Peterson, R. (1998). Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-11947-0	Silver, E. A., Pyke, D. F., & Peterson, R. (1998). Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-11947-0	Arrow, K. J., Harris, T., & Marschak, J. (1951). Optimal inventory policy. Econometrica, 19(3), 250–272.
الأسماء البديلة	Buffer Stock, Reserve Stock, Reorder-Point Model, Emniyet Stoğu	Pareto Inventory Classification, 80-20 Inventory Rule, ABC Classification, ABC Stok Analizi	Newsboy Model, Single-Period Inventory Model, Christmas Tree Problem, Gazete Satıcısı Modeli
ذات صلة	3	2	3
الملخص	Safety stock is an additional quantity of inventory held beyond expected demand during a replenishment lead time, designed to protect against stockouts caused by demand or supply uncertainty. Reorder-point models formalize this buffer by setting a trigger inventory level at which a new order is placed. Systematically developed within the stochastic inventory-control framework by Silver, Pyke, and Peterson (1998), the approach translates a desired customer-service level into a precise buffer quantity using the statistics of demand and lead-time variability.	ABC Analysis is a demand-value segmentation technique that divides inventory items into three classes — A, B, and C — based on their annual usage value (unit cost multiplied by annual demand). Rooted in the Pareto principle and codified for inventory management by Silver, Pyke, and Peterson (1998), it guides managers to concentrate control resources on the small fraction of items that drive the vast majority of total inventory spend.	The Newsvendor Model is a single-period stochastic inventory optimization framework that determines the profit-maximizing order quantity when demand is uncertain and unsold units cannot be carried forward. Formally introduced by Arrow, Harris, and Marschak (1951) in their foundational work on optimal inventory policy, the model balances the cost of ordering too much (overage) against the cost of ordering too little (underage) to yield a closed-form optimality condition known as the critical ratio.