قارن الطرق

	تصميم الانحدار غير المستمر (RDD)	انحدار المربعات الصغرى العادية (OLS)	نموذج التأثيرات الثابتة لبيانات السلاسل الزمنية المقطعية
المجال	الاقتصاد القياسي	الاقتصاد القياسي	الاقتصاد القياسي
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	2008	2019	2014
صاحب الطريقة	Imbens & Lemieux; Lee & Lemieux (modern practice); Cattaneo, Idrobo & Titiunik	Wooldridge (textbook treatment); classical least squares	Hsiao (textbook treatment); within transformation of panel data
النوع	Quasi-experimental causal design	Linear regression	Panel data regression
المصدر التأسيسي	Imbens, G. W., & Lemieux, T. (2008). Regression Discontinuity Designs: A Guide to Practice. Journal of Econometrics, 142(2), 615-635.	Wooldridge, J. M. (2019). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1337558860	Hsiao, C. (2014). Analysis of Panel Data (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
الأسماء البديلة	RDD, regression discontinuity, sharp regression discontinuity, Regresyon Süreksizliği Tasarımı (RDD)	ordinary least squares, classical linear regression, linear regression, en küçük kareler regresyonu	fixed effects model, within estimator, panel fixed-effects regression, Panel Veri — Sabit Etkiler Modeli
ذات صلة	5	5	5
الملخص	Regression Discontinuity Design is a quasi-experimental method that estimates a local causal effect around a threshold (cutoff) value, comparing units just below and just above the cutoff as if they were almost randomly assigned. It is the design developed for applied practice by Imbens and Lemieux (2008) and by Lee and Lemieux (2010).	Ordinary Least Squares is the classical linear regression method that explains a continuous outcome as a linear combination of predictors. It estimates the coefficients by minimising the sum of squared residuals, and under the Gauss-Markov assumptions these estimates are the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE).	The Panel Data Fixed Effects model estimates relationships from panel data (the same units observed over several time periods) while controlling for unit- and/or time-specific effects, supporting causal inference. It is developed as the within estimator in standard treatments such as Hsiao's Analysis of Panel Data (2014).