قارن الطرق

	تصنيف النفايات المشعة	تحليل السلامة الحرجة
المجال	الفيزياء النووية	الفيزياء النووية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1960	1938
صاحب الطريقة	International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)	Otto Hahn, Fritz Strassmann
النوع	regulatory classification framework	safety assessment methodology
المصدر التأسيسي	International Atomic Energy Agency (2009). Classification of Radioactive Waste. IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSG-1.	American National Standards Institute (2019). Nuclear Criticality Safety in Operations with Fissionable Material Outside Reactors. ANSI/ANS-8.1-19.40.
الأسماء البديلة	waste categorization, hazard stratification, material disposition	nuclear safety assessment, chain reaction analysis, fissile material control
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Radioactive waste classification is a systematic framework for categorizing radioactive materials based on activity, heat generation, and long-term hazard potential, developed by the IAEA. It stratifies waste into classes (exempt, very low-level, low-level, intermediate-level, high-level) to determine appropriate management pathways—from near-surface disposal to deep geological repositories—ensuring environmental protection and regulatory compliance.	Criticality safety analysis is a systematic evaluation of fissile material systems to ensure nuclear chain reactions remain controlled, originating from Hahn and Strassmann's 1938 discovery of nuclear fission. It determines safe limits on fissile mass, concentration, geometry, and spacing using neutron transport calculations and experimental validation to prevent uncontrolled nuclear excursions in storage, processing, and transportation.