قارن الطرق

	نموذج الإشعاع للحراك والهجرة	نموذج هوف	نماذج الهجرة (الدفع والجذب / متعددة المناطق)
المجال	التحليل المكاني	التحليل المكاني	علم السكان
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	2012	1964	1966
صاحب الطريقة	Filippo Simini et al.	David Huff	Everett Lee
النوع	Parameter-free spatial interaction model	Probabilistic spatial interaction model	Theoretical-quantitative migration framework
المصدر التأسيسي	Simini, F., González, M. C., Maritan, A., & Barabási, A.-L. (2012). A universal model for mobility and migration patterns. Nature, 484, 96–100.	Huff, D. L. (1964). Defining and estimating a trading area. Journal of Marketing, 28(3), 34–38.	Lee, E. S. (1966). A theory of migration. Demography, 3(1), 47–57.
الأسماء البديلة	Radiation Law of Human Mobility, Parameter-free Mobility Model, Simini Radiation Model, Radyasyon Modeli	Huff Gravity Model, Probabilistic Retail Gravity Model, Huff Trade Area Model, Huff Çekim Modeli	Push-Pull Migration Theory, Multiregional Migration Model, Lee Migration Framework, Göç Modelleri
ذات صلة	3	3	3
الملخص	The Radiation Model, introduced by Simini et al. in 2012, is a parameter-free model for predicting human mobility and migration flows between geographic locations. Drawing an analogy from radiation physics, it predicts trip volumes based solely on population sizes at origin and destination, and the intervening population within the circle connecting them. It has been widely applied to commuting flows, migration, and epidemic spreading.	Proposed by David Huff in 1964, the Huff Model is a probabilistic spatial interaction model that estimates the likelihood that consumers located in a given geographic zone will choose to shop at a particular retail outlet. It extends deterministic gravity models by assigning each consumer zone a probability of patronage across all competing stores, weighting store attractiveness (typically measured by floor area) against the friction of travel time or distance. The model is widely used in retail site selection, trade area delineation, and market share forecasting.	Migration models are quantitative frameworks for explaining and forecasting population movement between geographic units. Lee's (1966) push-pull theory classifies factors at origin and destination into positive and negative forces, modulated by intervening obstacles. Widely used by demographers, regional planners, and policy researchers to project labor mobility, refugee flows, and urbanization trends across national and subnational geographies.