قارن الطرق

	Punctuated Equilibrium Analysis	Advocacy Coalition Framework
المجال	Public Policy	Public Policy
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1993	1993
صاحب الطريقة	Frank Baumgartner & Bryan Jones	Paul Sabatier & Hank Jenkins-Smith
النوع	Theory of the policy process	Theory of the policy process
المصدر التأسيسي	Baumgartner, F. R., & Jones, B. D. (1993). Agendas and Instability in American Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 9780226039398	Sabatier, P. A., & Jenkins-Smith, H. C. (Eds.) (1993). Policy Change and Learning: An Advocacy Coalition Approach. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. ISBN: 9780813316499
الأسماء البديلة	PET, Punctuated Equilibrium Theory, Baumgartner-Jones Theory	ACF, Sabatier-Jenkins-Smith Framework, Advocacy Coalition Approach
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Punctuated Equilibrium Theory (PET), developed by Frank Baumgartner and Bryan Jones in their 1993 book Agendas and Instability in American Politics, explains how policymaking is characterised by long periods of stability and incremental change interrupted by brief, dramatic bursts of major change. Borrowing the metaphor from evolutionary biology, it argues that the way an issue is understood (its 'policy image') and the institutional 'venue' in which it is handled normally reinforce a stable equilibrium — until attention shifts, the image is reframed, and rapid, large-scale change punctuates the calm.	The Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) is a theory of the policy process developed by Paul Sabatier and Hank Jenkins-Smith from the late 1980s and consolidated in their 1993 volume Policy Change and Learning. It explains policy stability and change over long periods by analysing competing coalitions of actors within a policy subsystem who are bound together by shared beliefs. Policy change is understood as a function of the interaction among these belief-based coalitions, the policy-oriented learning that occurs over time, and external events and shocks that can shift the balance of power among them.